Speech Class

Seven of Australia's nine territories have long authentic custom originating before the foundation f the republic of Austria In 1918: upper Austria, lower Austria, Astray, Corinthian, Salisbury, Tyro, and Overlarge. The territories of Borderland and Vienna were set up after World War 1 . Austria is situated in a calm atmosphere zone with a focal European atmosphere impacted by the Atlantic atmosphere. It has four seasons which all have run of the mill temperatures and climatic characters. The absolute most famous games In Austria are football, snow capped skiing, and ice hockey.In Austria you can expect a five star melodic involvement in the different melodic celebrations they have consistently. There are numerous renowned individuals from Austria a couple regularly realized ones are entertainer, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and the arranger Mozart. Austria has three fundamental religions, Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Muslim. The official language which is spoken by 98 percent of the po pulace is German in spite of the fact that, there are exceptionally particular contrasts between the numerous religion tongues. There are three different dialects are educated close by German In some bilingual schools.Austria is exacting about their family esteems. A portion of the shopping center ones are 1 ) shaping the premise of the Austrian social structure, 2) Families are typically little, and because of absence of movement, they are commonly intently weave with a specific town or town, 3) Weekends are committed to family exercises which frequently occur outside, 4) Eating supper each night with the family is a standard, and 5) Sundays are for visiting grandparents for supper, as well as getting a charge out of a climb In the nation as a family.Austrian are traditionalist individuals, who are judicious and moderate In their conduct. Appearance Is significant, in any event, when dressed Informally they are slick and moderate with the manner in which they look and present thems elves. Austrian traditions are basic, they incorporate looking during a welcome, a snappy handshake is the most conventional welcome for them. Some more established Austrian men kiss the hand of a female, however realize that men from different nations ought not kiss the hand of a female as a greeting.When you go into a room It Is proper to shake the hands of everybody In the room Including kids Individually. Much the same as us one of Australia's fundamental occasions is Christmas in which they trade presents with their families, they additionally trade presents for birthday celebrations routinely moreover. They commend something many refer to as The Feast of SST. Nicholas on December sixth of consistently and the kids get blessings. You should open a blessing when it is gotten and they are typically to be flawlessly wrapped. Since I have educated you regarding Austria I trust It has disclosed to you somewhat more about you.

Indigenous Booklet Australian Bureau of Statistics

Question: Talk about theIndigenous Bookletfor Australian Bureau of Statistics. Answer: As per distinctive wellbeing markers featuring wellbeing hole in indigenous Australians, there is have to make a move to address the issues and give equivalent chance to access to medicinal services. Coming up next are the arrangement proposed for improving wellbeing status in this gathering Presentation Wellbeing in Indigenous Australians The Australian Bureau of Statistics uncovers that there is critical hole in wellbeing result of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. The key properties that features this discoveries incorporates the accompanying: Elements Contributing to Gap in Health Status of Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians The unexpected weakness result in indigenous Australians can be comprehended from the setting of social determinant of wellbeing and conduct hazard factor in the gathering. Plan for Health Improvement in Indigenous Group Reference Gould, G.S., Munn, J., Watters, T., McEwen, A. furthermore, Clough, A.R., 2013. Information and perspectives about maternal tobacco smoking and hindrances for suspension in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders: a deliberate audit and meta-ethnography.Nicotine Tobacco Research,15(5), pp.863-874. Hospitalization Overview of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander wellbeing status 2015 Health realities Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. (2016).Healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au. Recovered 24 September 2016, from https://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/wellbeing realities/diagrams/hospitalization Chase, L., Ramjan, L., McDonald, G., Koch, J., Baird, D. furthermore, Salamonson, Y., 2015. Nursing understudies' points of view of the wellbeing and human services issues of Australian Indigenous people.Nurse instruction today,35(3), pp.461-467. Indigenous wellbeing (AIHW). (2016).Aihw.gov.au. Recovered 24 September 2016, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-wellbeing/2014/indigenous-wellbeing/ Mirzaei, M., Aspin, C., Essue, B., Jeon, Y.H., Dugdale, P., Usherwood, T. what's more, Leeder, S., 2013. A patient-focused way to deal with wellbeing administration conveyance: improving wellbeing results for individuals with constant illness.BMC wellbeing administrations research,13(1), p.1. Mitrou, F., Cooke, M., Lawrence, D., Povah, D., Mobilia, E., Guimond, E. what's more, Zubrick, S.R., 2014. Holes in Indigenous inconvenience not shutting: a statistics accomplice investigation of social determinants of wellbeing in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand from 19812006.BMC Public Health,14(1), p.1. Phillips, B., Morrell, S., Taylor, R. what's more, Daniels, J., 2014. A survey of future and newborn child mortality estimations for Australian Aboriginal people.BMC Public Health,14(1), p.1. Sarrami-Foroushani, P., Travaglia, J., Debono, D. what's more, Braithwaite, J., 2014. Actualizing techniques in buyer and network commitment in medicinal services: consequences of an enormous scope, checking meta-review.BMC wellbeing administrations research,14(1), p.1. Shepherd, C.C., Li, J. what's more, Zubrick, S.R., 2012. Social slopes in the strength of Indigenous Australians.American diary of open health,102(1), pp.107-117. Social determinants and the strength of Indigenous people groups in Australia a human rights based methodology | Australian Human Rights Commission. (2016).Humanrights.gov.au. Recovered 24 September 2016, from https://www.humanrights.gov.au/news/talks/social-determinants-and-wellbeing indigenous-people groups australia-human-rights-based Product, V., 2013.Improving the availability of wellbeing administrations in urban and local settings for Indigenous people(Vol. 27). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.

The Home Stretch COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

The Home Stretch COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Everyone out there reading might not be familiar with professional baseball, but sometimes I compare the admission time line to a season of professional baseball in the United States.   Professional baseball teams in the U.S. play 162 games over a six month period, up to seven if a team makes the playoffs.   Baseball teams spend roughly half   their time away from home and my work life is similar, although my road season for the most part takes place during an intense period of time rather than month-to-month. I feel like I play many different positions during the season, from catching applications as them come in, to pitching them to the Admissions Committee, and most of all fielding questions from applicants.   From the time our application goes live to day that we ask admitted applicants to make a decision is roughly eight months and we are quickly approaching May 3rd the initial deadline for admitted applicants to inform us of their intentions. You could call this final few weeks before enrollment decision time the home stretch.   I am not certain of the origin of this expression (probably horse racing) but it is often used to describe the end of a baseball season where teams are competing for the final spots in the playoffs the end is in sight. The end is in sight as well for applicants that have pitched their applications to different schools.   It could be a matter of which school to choose or how to finance the school you wish to attend.   I do not want to pressure anyone to make a decision before the date stated in the admission letter, however I do want to encourage admitted applicants to let us know when you do make your final decision.   I know many other schools require responses sooner than we do and you might have already made a commitment. We appreciate you indicating your decision in our application system so that the Committee can take appropriate action.   You can let us know your plans by logging into the application system and accepting or declining your offer. For those that need more time, there is no rush, but for those that have already decided we appreciate a response as soon as possible. If you have decided to attend SIPA we are truly excited, and if you have decided not to attend SIPA this is important for us to know so that the Committee can determine if we need to make offers to candidates on the waitlist.   Whatever happens, it has been a pleasure to work with everyone that applied this year   . . . from my perspective it has been a winning season for sure.   For this blog the season never really ends so continue to stay tuned for more information throughout the spring and summer, and before I know it the travel season will start up once again.

How to Water a Tree and When You Shouldnt

Few tasks for homeowners are more complicated than knowing if, when and how to water a landscape tree. Much of it depends on the type of tree, your climate, current weather conditions, and a host of other variables. A watering schedule that works well for one tree species in one region of the country can be disastrous for a different tree species or in a different climate region.   Water is the single most essential resource for a trees survival and growth, far more important than fertilizing, disease and pest control, or any other biological need.  Most of us understand the need to water trees during dry times, but what we often forget is that a tree can also be harmed by too much water. Unfortunately, the symptoms for a water-starved tree can appear to be the same as symptoms caused by water-logged tree roots. A tree that is beginning to wilt may be shutting down because too much water has introduced a vascular fungal disease into the roots, for example. In many cases, a homeowner then responds by watering more frequently and more heavily, which can lead to much bigger problems.   Symptoms for both under-watering and over-watering can be the appearance of wilted and scorched leaves. Both conditions can prevent tree roots from effectively transporting water to the top of the tree and the tree will react by wilting. In addition, too much tree water can also shut down sufficient oxygen to the roots. Some tree species can handle wet feet but many trees can not. Always read up on your tree species and learn what it wants and doesnt want in terms of its environment and watering needs.   Trees known for vibrant fall color will show disappointing color in the fall if you overwater them. Bright leaf color is triggered by the naturally dry conditions that occur in the early fall, and a tree that receives too much water during this time of year may respond by disappointing you with its leaf color. To maximize the fall display, keep the tree well-watered during the main part of the growing season, but withhold water in the late summer and early fall. Once the trees leaves have fallen, do water the soil adequately, because you want good soil moisture to be present in the ground going into winter.   How To Water a Tree Supplemental watering during drought conditions can prevent tree decline, pest problems, and non-recoverable damage to tree roots and the  canopy. Young trees recently planted in the landscape and certain drought-prone species need regular watering during dry periods. This essentially means that most trees that have seen no rainfall in a given week should get a hand watering. This is not a hard and fast rule, though, because many native species are adapted to local conditions and may not need extra watering. Consult with a nursery specialist or a member of your state universitys Extension service to learn the needs of your trees.   Depending upon soil texture, the density of water-competing plants found around the tree, daily temperatures, and recent rainfall amounts, about one inch of water per week should keep a tree healthy. Trees should be watered once or at most twice a week in the growing season if there has been no significant rainfall. A few slow, heavy (high-volume) waterings are much better than many short, shallow waterings, because long, infrequent waterings encourage the tree to send out deep, robust roots. Frequent shallow waterings will encourage the tree to rely on shallow, weak roots, which is not to the long-term benefit of the tree.   However, to say that a tree needs deep watering does not mean dumping huge quantities of water on it in within a few minutes. When this is done, much of the water simply sinks through the soil layer past the trees roots and is never taken up by the roots at all. The best deep watering is a slow watering left in place for an hour or so. Turning a garden hose on so it produces a small trickle and leaving the end of the hose a foot or so away from the trunk is ideal. Another excellent method for watering young trees is to use one of the tree-watering bags available. Made from dense flexible plastic or rubber, these bags fit around the lower tree trunk, and when they are filled with water, they allow a slow, steady trickle of water to run down into the earth. This provides the deep, slow watering that is ideal for trees.   All landscape trees should be properly mulched, which means blanketing the area directly under the tree canopy with a 2- or 3-inch layer of organic material, such as shredded wood or compost. This layer of mulch will cool the soil and keep moisture trapped in place. But dont pile the mulch up against the tree trunk, because this will encourage pests and fungal diseases.   Dont Over-Water a Tree! As mentioned, if the trees leaves look wilted or scorched even though you have faithfully been watering, its quite possible that there is too much soil moisture for the tree to handle. This can be a problem in landscape with automatic watering systems that apply water by timer even during weeks when rainfall amounts have been good. The best way to check for wet soil is to dig down 6 to 8 inches and feel the soil. The soil should be cool and slightly moist but not soaking wet. Examining the soil with your hands may also tell you much. You should be able to press most non-sandy soils into a ball with your hands and have it stay together without falling apart--this indicates proper soil moisture.  If the soil ball falls apart when squeezed, then the soil may not have sufficient moisture. If the soil ball you just made will not crumble when rubbed, you either have clay soil or soil that is too wet to crumble. This is an indication of too much water, so watering should be stopped. Neither loose sandy soils nor dense clay soils are ideal for growing most trees, although you may be able to find species well adapted to these soil conditions. In general,  sandy soils will adequately support trees adapted to droughty, low-moisture conditions, while clay soils will work well with trees known to thrive in wet, boggy environments.

lesson plan in English of grade 7 - 4661 Words

ACTIVITY #1 BLENDIND SOUNDS Let’s Talk. Supply the missing lines to each of the dialogs. Choose your answers from the list in the box. Observe blending sounds. A: 1:What time is it? 2:_________________________________________________________________ 3: Istill have time to grab a bite at the canteen. Could you come with me? 4:_________________________________________________________________ 5: I won’t be along. I’ll be in the room before the bells rings. 6:_________________________________________________________________ B. 7: Did you review your work? 8:_________________________________________________________________ 9: Why didn’t you see the glaring mistake in one of the sentence in the first†¦show more content†¦If not underline the verb and write the correct form on the blank. _________a. Jenny combs her hair carefully before going to school. _________b. Allan practice playing the piano every Saturday. _________c. They turns around to watch him. _________d. The girls smile as Jovy arrives. _________e. I like listening to classical music when I study. _________f. Bong and Lisa shares a table during recess time. _________g. She waits by the door for her new friend. _________h. He watches the players get ready for the concert. _________i. You clean the paintbrushes after the lesson. _________j. The parents and teachers clap their hands for awardees. Exercise 2: Underline the correct verb to complete each sentence. a. Jane (appear/appears) on stage like a blooming rose. b. Gino and Luis (walk/walks) slowly towards the principal’s office. c. Joan (hurry/hurries) to the back of the bus. d. Mt friends (wrap/wraps) their gifts with excitement. e. He (smile/smiles) in front of the camera. f. The students (cheer/cheers) for their favorite teams. g. I (wash/washes) any the painful feeling. h. She (enjoy/enjoys) plantingShow MoreRelatedCurriculum Development Paper973 Words   |  4 Pages Contents a) Grade/developmental level b) Education needs and rational c) Theoretical perspective d) Learning objectives e) Content outline f) Strategies and methods g) Resources h) Lesson plans i) references Grade/ developmental level This paper develops a lesson plan for an Education Program on language acquisition. The targetRead MoreBecoming An English Teacher Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesAraceli Duran-Jimenez K. LaSalle English 125 7 November 2016 Becoming an English Teacher at a Middle and High School Level in California What do you want to be when you grow up? This is the one question that every person has been asked since a young age. As a kid the answer is usually a doctor, lawyer, detective, astronaut and so on. However, with time the answer may change depending on our journey to adulthood. In our journey we grow and develop our ideal lifestyle. 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Cross Cultural Differences- China and Usa Free Essays

string(94) " of individuals working hard for their own success rather than for that of a larger unit’s\." | THE 101: Cross Cultural Issues in Tourism Hospitality | Assessment No. 2| | Ariana Janjua| 201111790| Culture, as defined by Geert Hofstede, is the â€Å"the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from another†. (Hofstede, 2011) It is due to the research carried out by scholars such as Hofstede and Fons Trompenaars that we are able to understand cultural values, and the difference in cultures more thoroughly. We will write a custom essay sample on Cross Cultural Differences- China and Usa or any similar topic only for you Order Now This information gives us the ability to understand, and interact people for other cultures that may be drastically different from our own. Such research also gives a basis by which social and business dealings can be held. (itim International, n. d) Knowledge of other cultures is imperative when dealing with business relations; it has been helpful in the age of globalization where cross-cultural business is at a dramatic rise, and even aids in such things as the training and communications. It is also crucial in the face of tourism and social life, as it gives us the understanding of how people from other cultures function as a result of their particular set of cultural values. The aim of this essay is to provide a deeper understanding between the cultural differences between two very different cultures: those of China and the USA. The essay is divided into two parts: the first will explore the different cultural dimensions present in a social and business context according to the research by Hofstede and Trompenaars. The second part will give an example of a practical application of this information in the hospitality industry, and will provide recommendations upon which American hotels can better accommodate Chinese guests. As mentioned above, Hofstede was a Dutch scholar who performed intensive research in order to fully understand his five cultural dimensions, of which this essay looks more deeply into three: Power Distance, Individuality and Long Term Orientation. From his results, we can compare the differences in these dimensions between China and the USA. (itim International, n. d) As can be seen, there is a remarkable difference in all the indexes, especially in PDI (China 80, USA 40), IDV (China 20, USA 91) and LTO (118, USA 29) (China, 2011). These figures give us a starting point to understand these differences more thoroughly. Power Distance is the extent to which people respond to inequalities in different organizations and institutions. (Hofstede, 2011) The PDI of China is considerably high, meaning there is â€Å" high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society† (Patent, 2009). In social terms, this means that authority figures such as the father of a family are given utmost respect to. Furthermore, in all situations, one must address a person by their title is order to give them the respect of their status. This is also reflected in a business atmosphere, where hierarchies are clearly defined. Those on top of the hierarchy are respected, and unquestionably obeyed by those lower in the hierarchy, who are given clear instructions of what is to be expected of them. (Patent, 2009) There is a limited level of communications between these different levels. This is a fact that is prevalent and accepted all throughout Chinese society. On the other hand, the PDI of the United States is very low, and almost leans toward egalitarianism. This is indicative of a greater equality between societal levels, including government, organizations, and even within families. â€Å" (Hofstede, 2011) Socially, Americans are more comfortable around one another, regardless of their ranking. This is reflected in social life, where this is much lower emphasis on titles and qualifications. It is apparent in day-to-day dealings in which Americans greet each other by shaking hands and often call each other by first n ames, regardless of the person’s title. In a business context, leaders may be respected, but more so for their abilities and success rather than their positioning in the hierarchy. (Patent, 2009) They often take on the role of mentors with whom employees are unintimidated and motivated to work with. â€Å"Individualism on the one side versus its opposite, collectivism is the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups. â€Å" (Hofstede, 2011) China is a highly collectivist culture, where all individuals are part of the unit, with the most fundamental unit being that of family. The prosperity of these units is ultimately more important than that of individual persons. Collectivism is apparent in all parts of life, from the attention given to group behavior more than individual behavior, to small everyday activities such as crowding on to a bus with numerous other passengers, such as seen in bustling Chinese cities such as Shanghai. (Gallo, 2009) These beliefs stem from the Confucian values of â€Å" harmony, strong interpersonal relationships and group loyalties. † (Fitzgerald, 2002) Loyalty to relationships is emphasized, even in a business context. For this reason, employees are dedicated to the company they work with, and in turn they are treated with the same loyalty, transforming the business environment into a somewhat family environment. (Gallo, 2009) Also in business, every employee regards himself as part of team, and all his efforts are solely to work towards the success of that team. Collectivism in Chinese culture can be summed up in one term ‘ guan xi’, which can be loosely translated to mean â€Å"to concern, to relate, to make connections, to make relationships’. Fitzgerald, 2002) The United States, on the other hand, is a highly individualistic society. Every individual is looking for ‘the American dream’, a better state than they presently are in (Cultural, n. d. ). Individuals believe in working hard and performing well for one’s own benefits, and relationships and group culture is one of less importance than the concept of â€Å"I† (Kwintessential, 2011). This is prevalent from childhood, when children are taught the worth of being independent and self-reliant. Fitzgerald, 2002) This is a common element of American society: it is accepted and rewarded. The same goes for the attitudes seen in a business environment. There is a lesser concept of teams, and a higher concept of individuals working hard for their own success rather than for that of a larger unit’s. You read "Cross Cultural Differences- China and Usa" in category "Essay examples" Likewise, individual high performers in a company are rewarded for their efforts. (Gallo, 2009) â€Å"Long- term oriented societies foster pragmatic virtues oriented towards future rewards, in particular saving, persistence, and adapting to changing circumstances. (Hofstede, 2011) According to Hofstede’s analysis, China is a country that is very long term oriented, with a high factor of 118. This is one of the most commonly seen values in Chinese society, and is founded upon the teaching of Confucian, which are engrained in the Chinese culture. They are seen in everyday behavior: the Chinese are always looking to a better future and working towards this through the saving of money, perseverance, and the ability to adapt to changes surrounding them. (itim International, n. d) For example, Chinese sellers are infamous for their bargaining abilities. Another value of this long-term orientation society is to have a sense of shame, which is why Chinese people always remain highly composed and respectful no matter the situation. (nwlink, 1997) This composure is further complimented by their hard work and determination in business-matters. They believe that the future matters more than the present or past, and therefore put all their potential into working for better things to come. â€Å"Short-term oriented societies foster virtues related to the past and present such as national pride, respect for tradition, preservation of â€Å"face†,  and fulfilling social obligations. (Hofstede, 2011) The USA comes in with a relatively low LTO factor at only 29. Short term oriented societies are concerned with the Truth of matters, which Americans view as science, religion and management. Following the same values, they believe that the truth may be manipulated in order to obtain the desired results. (nwlink, 1997) As Americans are ex tremely concerned about personal solidity, these values about truth tie in well with both their social and business lives. In social lives, Americans are very protective of themselves and their ‘face’ or reputation as they are in business life. Having looked at Hofstede’s differences in the cultural dimensions between China and America, we can now take a look at these differences from a different perspective. Trompenaars, who was also Dutch, was a professional in cross-cultural communication and drew up a model of culture with seven dimensions. This essay will pay particular focus to the dimension of universalism and particularism in USA and China. Particularist societies such as that in China are those societies in which people believe that a clear and right decision can be made on the grounds of the relationships and the situation it in based on. It may be said, â€Å"Particularism is based on logic of the heart and human friendship. † (Cultures, 2011) For this reason, Chinese people believe in the value of all relationships and they make the required effort to base these relationships on a strong foundation for a long lasting outcome. The Chinese are known for being good hosts, and often participate in small gestures, such as giving gifts. In businesses as well, the Chinese try to build a relationship with the person they are doing dealings with. They like to take their time in business dealings and negotiations, rely on a mutual trust and respect to get the process finished, and believe in the simplicity of such dealings. (Cultures, 2011) In Universalist societies â€Å"There is a belief that what is good or true can be discovered, defined, and applied to every situation† (cyborlink, 2011) . These societies, such as that of the USA take a universal point of view and believe that all matters are relative. Socially, they are okay with having weak relationships with friends or family members. But this universalism can really be see in a business aspect, as Americans are very concerned with terms and conditions and contracts; basically, the little details entailed in a business dealing. They are usually even lawyers involved in seeing to a smooth running of the matter, and this is reflected in the fact that there are more lawyers per person in the USA than anywhere else in the world. (Cultures, 2011) After looking at these four cultural dimensions and the differences they show between China and America, a great deal of understanding may be acquired in why these countries work in the way they do. The next part of this essay will apply this understand in a Tourism and Hospitality context: it will provide recommendations for the Industry in America on how it could welcome and deal with Chinese guests. As well have already seen, the Chinese are loyal, hardworking people who give great importance to status, relationships, and the future. In order to give them a satisfying and pleasurable experience in the USA, American hotel and tourism managers must reciprocate these values. Because China is not, per se, a religiously founded country, there are not many strict dietary restrictions or other practices that the Chinese people follow. This makes it easier for the American hosts to welcome their guests, as the only alterations they really need to make is that in their behavior and attitude in order to fit with the personal value system of the Chinese. During their stay at a hotel, Chinese guests must be treated in the same way that they would treat guests in their country. They should be welcomed graciously, and perhaps given a small gift as a token of appreciation for their arrival and as a gesture that implies the beginning of a beautiful relationship. Too much eye contact should be avoided as the Chinese may misconstrue this as being rude. What’s more, Chinese guests should always be addressed by their title, and although friendliness is appreciated, an overly boisterous or excited manner may be considered as not being genuine. To make their stay more comfortable, Chinese guests should be given their privacy in room that have all the amenities required, but they should have the knowledge that they are always being accommodated and that if they need anything, it would be at their doorstep in a moment’s time. For families, there should be a range of activities so that the guests know that their hosts, too, understand the importance of family and relationships. On departure, the guests should be given personal attention by hotel staff members and should be asked about their trip and their stay in the hotel. They should be aware that they will be welcomed back at any point of time with the same hospitality and that in staying with the American hotel, not only has a business dealing been made but a long lasting relationship has been established. It is important that the guests feel like their stay has been a worthwhile investment of their money and time. For the tourism industry to be more adaptable to Chinese guests, there are numerous things they could do. As with the hotel industry, they must approach the guests in a respectful manner and be able to make them feel comfortable, content and confident in the investment of their money and time. Due to the collectivist nature of the Chinese people and because their Confucian values urge them to seek constant knowledge and education, informational group activities would be perfect for Chinese guests. For example, if in New York, a group tour that takes the tourists to all the important landmarks and locations, such as the Statue of Liberty, whilst providing an interesting and educational background will be very pleasing for the guests. As will events that provide an opportunity for Chinese tourists to meet with others, communicate and enjoy what may be the start of a great relationship. Such events may be organized dinners, cruise trips, exhibitions and so on. There should also be a large range of family activities, such as trips to theme parks. As long as the Chinese are given an entertaining and informational environment to enjoy their trip, they should be very satisfied and looking forward to come back for more. In conclusion, the work and findings of Geert Hofstede and Fons Trompenaars has given us a thoroughly insightful look into the vastly different cultures of China and America: in both a social context and in a business context. It is incredible and inspiring to see how much this information can help individuals and professionals to act and interact with people from other societies, and how it can be applied in a range of different areas, such as in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry. Truly, such information provides us with an â€Å"edge of understanding† (itim International, n. ) by which only more and more successful cross-cultural interactions can be expected in the future. REFERENCES: Bing, J. W. (2004, February). Hofstede’s consequences: The impact of his work on consulting and business practices. Retrieved May 28, 2011, from ITAP International: http://www. itapintl. com/facultyandresources/articlelibrarymain/hofstedes-consequences-the-impact-of-his-work-on-consul ting-and-business-practices. html Chan, S. (1999). The Chinese Learner-a question of style. Education and Training , 41 (6/7). China, C. D. (2011). Geert Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions: China vs. World Average . Retrieved May 28, 2011, from Cultural Dimensions in China: http://www. geert-hofstede. com Cultural, C. (n. d. ). Individualism. Retrieved May 26, 2011, from Clearly cultural: http://www. clearlycultural. com/geert-hofstede-cultural-dimensions/individualism/ Cultures, I. B. (2011). Universalism versus particularism. Retrieved MAY 28, 2011, from International Business Cultures: http://www. via-web. de/universalism-versus-particularism/ cyborlink. (2011). United States of America. Retrieved May 27, 2011, from Hofstede Analysis United States of America: http://www. cyborlink. com/besite/us. htm Fitzgerald, H. (2002). Cross Cultural Communication for the Tourism and Hospitality Industry. Frenchs Forest, NSW, Australia: David Cunningham. Gallo, F. (2009, June 23). Individualism Vs. Collectivism in China. Retrieved May 28, 2011, from Calypso Consulting: http://chinacalypso. com/content/individualism-versus-collectivism-china Hofstede, G. (2011, n. d n. d). Culture. Retrieved May 29, 2011, from Geert Hofstede: http://www. geerthofstede. l/culture. aspx International, I. (n. d. ). Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. Retrieved 5 28, 2011, from Itim International: http://www. geert-hofstede. com/ Kwintessential. (2011). Individualism. Retrieved May 26, 2011, from Kwintessential: http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/intercultural/individualism. html Li, F. M. (2008). Culture as a Major Determinant in Tourism Development of China. Current Issues in Tourism , 11 (6), 492-5 13. Mathilde, C. (2008, February 1). CHINA REPORT: Cultural dimensions of China. Retrieved May 28, 2011, from How to cite Cross Cultural Differences- China and Usa, Essay examples

Zeitgeist John Philip Sousa Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Zeitgeist: John Philip Sousa Essay, Research Paper Zeitgeist: John Philip Sousa Artists do non make in a vacuity. They reflect their times or at the really least are affected by the lives they lead which are besides influenced by the populace sphere. The term for this contemplation is? Zeitgeist. ? It literally means? spirit of the times. ? John Philip Sousa and his plants can be classified under this term of? Zeitgeist. ? Most of Sousa? s music was composed during a period known as the aureate age. This period is known for its gross philistinism and blazing political corruptness in the United States. However, Sousa? s music does non look to reflect this corruptness, but instead it reflects a manner to cover with the corruptness and bad lucks of the times. John Philip Sousa, besides known as the? March King, ? was born on November 6,1854, in Washington D.C. , near the Marine barracks where his male parent, Antonio, was a instrumentalist in the marine set. He received his grammar school instruction in Washington and for several of his school old ages enrolled in a private conservatory of music operated by John Esputa, Jr. . There he studied piano and most of the orchestral instruments, but his chief passion was the fiddle. He became really good at the fiddle, and at age 13 he was about persuaded to fall in a circus set. As a immature male child, the soldierly music of ground forces sets in the streets of Washington during and instantly following the Civil War had a profound consequence on him. When he was non yet 14 he enlisted in the Marine Corps and succeeded in going a member of the marine set. This is where he picked up a liking for Marches. After being discharged from the Marine Corps, Sousa toured with several going theatre orchestras and in 1876 moved to Philadelphia. There he worked as an organizer, composer, and proofreader for printing houses. While on circuit with an opera company in St. Louis, he received a telegram offering him leading of the Marine Band in Washington. He accepted and reported for responsibility on October 1, 1880, going the set? s 17th leader. The Marine set was Sousa? s foremost experience carry oning a military set, and he approached it unlike most of his predecessors. Rehearsals became exceptionally rigorous, and he shaped his instrumentalists into the state? s premiere set. The armed forces was of import to Sousa? s music manner. His chief musical composings were Marches, which were the most widely used signifier of music in the armed forces. His first two Marches that he wrote as leader of the set, ? The Gladiator? and? Semper Fidelis, ? were received with great acclamation in military set circles and from that clip on he received ever-increasing attending and regard as a composer. Both of these Marches were ebullient and uplifting, merely the thing to raise moral among the military personnels every bit good as promote patriotism within the provinces. In 1889, Sou sa wrote a March called? The Washington Post? March, which was shortly adapted and identified with the new dance called the two-step. Right after this March was written, a British set journalist remarked that since Johann Strauss, Jr. was called? The Waltz King, ? that American bandmaster Sousa should be called the? March King. ? With this Sousa? s imperial rubric was coined and has remained of all time since. Sousa lived most of his life during a clip known as the aureate age, named after the celebrated book by Mark Twain. The aureate age was a clip of gross material involvement among the American people and blazing corruptness among the politicians. Within Congress the Senate by and large overshadowed the House of Representatives. Some critics even called the Senate a? rich adult male? s club. ? The House was one of the most disorderly and inefficient legislative organic structures in the universe. As a consequence of the civil war, the division between the Democrats and the Republicans was even more sectional than of all time. In this instance it is really difficult to happen the? Zeitgeist? in Sousa? s composings of this clip. In fact they even seem to belie the spirit of that epoch. All of the Marches that Sousa wrote during the aureate age were highly cheerful and energetic, while the clip was corrupt and backhanded. This is because Sousa was reacting to the negative messages being sent out by the political society by assisting Americans recognize how great their state is. All of his musical pieces expressed a certain proud patriotism that helped the people cope with the rough times. Sousa? s most celebrated March, ? The Stars and Stripes Forever, ? was written, in 1896, by Sousa on a boat drive from Europe to the United States. The director of the Sousa set had merely died and Sousa knew that he had to travel back to pull off the set. On the whole drive back he kept hearing a melody over and over in his caput. When he got to set down he put the melody down on paper. Finally he even set words to it. In the March Sousa proclaims that other states may believe that their flag is the best, ? but the flag of the North and South and West is the flag of flags, the flag of Freedom? s state. ? This vocal became so popular with the American people that Sousa? s set played it at about every concert until his decease. On December 10, 1987, 55 old ages after Sousa? s decease, ? The Stars and Stripes Forever, ? was designated as the national March of the United States. A White House memoranda states that the March has become? an built-in portion of the jubilation of American life. ? The March is still identified today with the thoughts of freedom and patriotism. In decision, John Philip Sousa was a great American composer who helped America bury their problems during a clip of disunion and confusion. He reflected the? Zeitgeist? by responding to the corruptness of the twenty-four hours through music. With his aid our state regained its true sense of pride.

Outsiders in A Separate Peace Essay Example

Outsiders in A Separate Peace Essay An outsider is a person who does not belong or fit in. An outsider may have the traits of â€Å"strange† or â€Å"unusual†. A Greek poet, Sophocles, states that, â€Å"We will never reach a full realization of who we are as individuals until we find another human being with whom we can share ourselves.† The book â€Å"A Separate Peace† demonstrates this quote through the actions of Gene and Finny. As the book progresses Gene starts having feelings of jealousy, admiration, and resentment toward Finny, especially Finny’s attitude. Gene’s jealousy and self loathing sparks a conflict, that is sooner or later going to be resolved. We soon realize that maybe we get caught up in being jealous over other people because we aren’t like them or do things like them. This realization in the book later sparks an idea to the readers that the world is filled with different people and we shouldn’t judge or be jealous over people because we aren’t them. Society needs to embrace their talents, unique ways and strengths. I feel that people shouldn’t worry about what everyone thinks of them or whether or not they fit in. We will write a custom essay sample on Outsiders in A Separate Peace specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outsiders in A Separate Peace specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outsiders in A Separate Peace specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As one progresses deeper in the book, evidence shows Gene’s jealousy, admiration and resentment are escalating into something much bigger than himself. Deep down, he starts to realize how jealous he was from the start, but brushes this realization to the side which leaves him in denial. â€Å"He had never been jealous of me for a second. Now I knew that there never was and never could have been any rivalry between us. I was not of the same quality as he. I couldnt stand this.†(51) â€Å"Holding firmly to the trunk, I took a step toward him, and then my knees bent and I jounced the limb.† (52) The act of bouncing the limb was a combination of the jealousy, hatred and animosity that Gene was feeling. He couldnt bear the fact that Finny was better than him and there was nothing he could do about it. Gene realizes that Finny never

young goodman brown vs. StarWa essays

young goodman brown vs. StarWa essays The story that I have chosen to compare to the short story of Young Goodman Brown is the epic thriller motion picture, Star Wars. As most people probably know Luke Skywalker and Darth Vader are the two main characters of the movie, Star Wars. Goodman Brown and Luke go through some of the same obstacles and challenges, as well as meet with similar characters. Another similarity between the stories is that each main character encounters evil, in some form or another. Both Darth Vader and the evil character in Goodman Brown are portrayed as symbols of evil. All characters meet temptations opposite of their beliefs. There is a contrast in both stories between good and evil. Luke Skywalker and Darth Vader have many encounters including ones which implement the use of violent weapons during the heat of battle. Light sabers were used by each man while in duels of good versus evil. Brown met up with a dark man that had a serpent staff, which he carried with him. The serpent represents evil and is dark, going from place to place in a twisted motion. The serpent waits and hides for their prey and attacks swiftly. Darth Vaders light saber is red which portrays death, similar to the serpent staff. The two colors black and red symbolize darkness and death contrasting to bright colors worn by Luke and Goodman Brown. Luke and Brown have comparable life experiences, after each make personal decisions to take a different path in life. Luke starts out living with his family, working around the house and making sure that all the gizmos and gadgets are working okay. Brown starts out living with his wife, Faith, while having a healthy Christian relationship by implementing religion and values. Luke has to leave one day, and comes back to find out his family had been murdered by Darth Vader. Brown leaves the secure home with his wife to go out with a shady character into the dark and unforgiving forest. Each of these events pro...

Macroeconomics coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Macroeconomics - Coursework Example (6 marks) c)First-order conditions: Uc(C , l) – l = 0 Ul(C , l) – lzFN(K , h – l) = 0 zF(K , h – l) – G – C = 0 When the first two conditions arcombined Hence, in equilibrium MRTl,C = MRSl,C = w Which states that the Pareto optimum is the point where the indifference curve is tangent to the PPF? d) What happens to consumption, wages and output as G increases? (6 marks) After the increase in g = G/Y, the model can be able to predict a decrease in (c, w), increase in (Y,N, r), spending of Private consumption is â€Å"crowded out† by government spending increase. Output increases but welfare loss as both c, l fall.T (Besada and, Miras (2002) Question 2) a) Solve for labor supply as a function of t. (6 marks) Since w = z, we obtain the system Ul(C , l) – z(1 – t)Uc(C , l) = 0 C + G – z(h – l) = 0 Totally differentiating these gives [Ucl – z(1 – t)Ucc]dC + [Ull – z(1 – t)Ucl]dl  œ zUcdt = 0 dC + zdl + dG = 0 We had 2 equations from the previous sections: C = w(1 – t)(h – l) (1) C = z(h – l) – G (2) By substitution, we will have G = zt(h – l) It indicates the total spending by the government that equals total tax revenue. b) Sketch the Laffer curve for values of t from 0 to 1. (4 marks) Laffer curve c) What is the equation for t that maximizes tax revenue G? Either graphically or by other means, find this value numerically. (6 marks) The equation is as below; G = tz[h – l(t)] Basing on the curve above, the tax revenue is zero if t = 0 and t = 1 Therefore the numerical value is 0.5 Government maximizes tax revenue at t = t*. REV = REV* d) If G=0.2, find (either graphically or otherwise) the two values of l and t that satisfy this requirement. (4 marks) If G=2 then l and t is as below Question 3) Calculate the % year-to-year growth rates in each series, and graph them using a time series plot and a scatter plot (4 mark s) Scatter plot Time series (b) Are they positively or negatively correlated? (3 marks) They are positively correlated c) Does one lead the other? (3 marks) Basing on the graphs it is evident that one leads to the other d) Do the same using quarterly GDP and quarterly M2. Is there any consistency between M2-IIP and M2-GDP? Explain. (10 marks) Scatter plot Time series Basing on the graphs, there is no consistency between the two. This is because there is no correlation and one doesn’t lead to the other and the range or interval between one value is to small. Question 4) (a) Draw the consumer’s budget constraint, and show the optimal choice of consumption and leisure. Is it possible that the consumer may only choose an income of X? (8 marks) Consumer budget constraint The equality above holds at point H where the curve of indifference is tangent to the budget constraint and it is not possible for the consumer to choose an income of X b) What happens when the threshold va lue X decreases, explaining in terms of income and substitution effects; consider the cases of (i) someone whose income was initially below X and (ii) someone whose income was initially above X. (12 marks) When the value of X threshold decrease the impact is for example marginal substitution rate diminishes over time due to there is a diminishing marginal utility principle (Becker, 1965). Question 5) (a) Show how an increase in such government spending

Social Media's Small, Positive Role in Human Relationships Assignment

Social Media's Small, Positive Role in Human Relationships - Assignment Example She supports this claim by stating that the people are using extensive amounts of data when conversing on the social media platforms. People are using social media to maintain connectivity between themselves and people with whom connectivity could not have been possible without social media. Surveys also indicate that most families view social media is a way of improving their family lives since it enables them to keep in touch more frequently. The author’s purpose is to show the flaws that exist in the research and articles that condemn social media as one of the ways that lead to isolation and disconnect. This is to persuade the society to view social media in a different way and embrace its powerful connectivity capabilities. The intended audience includes social media users and its opponents. The author intends to inform the opponents of the mistakes they make when they overlook the positive part of social media, which she advocates for. This article is very significant to the contemporary world as it seeks to challenge a view by the majority who view social media as source of isolation. The article shows the capabilities of social media that should not be overlooked with specific concern to connectivity. Tufekci, Z. (2012). Social Medias Small, Positive Role in Human Relationships. Retrieved from

Individual Nurse effect on Person-centered Care

Individual Nurse effect on Person-centered Care Provide a critical analysis of how the beliefs, values and attitudes of the nurse may impact upon the provision of person-centered care Introduction The person-centred care approach focuses holistically on the patient as an individual, rather than their diagnosis or symptoms, and ensures that their needs and choices are heard and respected. According to Draper Tetley (2013: n.p.), person-centred care is defined as an approach to nursing that focuses on the individuals personal needs, wants, desires and goals, so that they become central to their care and the nursing process. This can mean putting the persons needs, as they define them, above those identified as priorities by healthcare professionals. Theoretically, this is an achievable aim – nursesas a matter of principle should provide care that respects the diversity of the values, needs, choices and preferences of those in their care – but how can any incongruity between the values, beliefs and attitudes of the patient and those of the nurse be reconciled? Is it inevitable that this dissonance will have a negative impact on the quality of person-centred care be ing provided? This essay will examine the beliefs, values and attitudes of nurses planning and delivering person-centred care, and the impact these issues can have on the provision of that care. Nurses are expected to practice in a caring, knowledgeable, professional, courteous and non-judgemental manner, and the majority do this as a matter of principle, displaying unconditional positive regard for their patients at all times. However, values, beliefs and attitudes are, of course, subjective to each individual, and in the context of delivering person-centred nursing care, it is important to identify those that are holistic and therapeutic, rather than focussing only on those that are not. According to Brink Skott (2013), some diagnoses lead to preconceptions about the individuals receiving them, which subsequently negatively influence their care and treatment. This can be particularly evident in the case of mental illness, which is often mired in stigma, fear, ignorance and discrimination. Research undertaken by Chambers et al (2010: pp. 350) found that Stigma on the part of mental health professionals affects the quality of care provided for those with mental health problems, as well as their rates of recovery. Although nurses working within the field of mental health will obviously have more developed skills and knowledge in this subject than those in other specialities of nursing, it is not inconceivable that nurses may harbour some preconceptions about mental illnesses and those diagnosed with them, which may impact on how positively they deliver care to those patients. Those requiring treatment for alcohol abuse or substance misuse may also experience a less emp athetic experience in the care of nurses, who may feel that the condition is self-inflicted, or that resources may be better utilised elsewhere. This attitude may be even more prevalent in cases of liver transplant due to alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, when there may be a misplaced belief that another recipient is more deserving of the organ. Other morbidities which can be perceived as having a self-inflicted element (e.g. obesity, smoking-related illnesses, type-II diabetes, addictions) also have the potential to be perceived negatively by nursing staff, who may lack an appropriate level of empathy and compassion, or make assumptions and pre-conceptions about these patients based on their diagnoses. In a similar manner, patients attempting suicide or deliberately self-harming, may experience stigma, a lack of sympathy and a lack of understanding from nursing staff, especially if the nurse managing their care is also involved in the care of patients suffering from serious illnesses or conditions. Caring for patients attending accident and emergency departments due to para-suicide or deliberate self-harm can evoke extremely negative emotions and attitudes amongst the nursing staff caring for them. Nurses working with such patients report experiencing high levels of ambivalence and frustration. Additionally, deliberately self-harming patients may evoke negative attitudes such as anxiety, anger, and lack of empathy (Ouzouni Nakakis 2013). A suicidal patient voicing their desire to end their life is expressing a wish. However, in the context of person-centred care, it would be difficult to agree that this wish should be considered as a person-centred need. This could be a source of conflict, difficulty and dissonance as balancing the needs and wishes of the patient in this situation, contradicts entirely the nurses duty of care. In such circumstances, it could be argued that the care provided cannot be person-centred, as it is not in line with the patients wishes. Obviously it would be neither legal nor ethical for the nurse to allow a suicidal patient to actively attempt to end their life whilst under their care, or to comply with the patients wishes not to receive treatment if suicide had been attempted. Similar ethical considerations may also influence the treatment of patients undergoing procedures to terminate pregnancy, and may negatively influence the extent to which the care received by the patient is truly person-centred. There have been well-documented cases of nurses refusing to assist with these procedures, or to treat patients who have undergone them post-operatively. Predominantly such cases arise due to a conflict with the religious beliefs, moral convictions and ethical stance of the nurses being asked to assist with these procedures. The Nursing Midwifery Council (2015) states that Nurses and midwives must at all times keep to the principles contained within The Code: Professional standards of practice and behaviour of nurses and midwives (2015: n.p.). This code states that nurses and midwives who have a conscientious objection must tell colleagues, their manager and the person receiving care that they have a conscientious objection to a particular procedure. They must arrange for a suitably qualified colleague to take over responsibility for that persons care. Nurses and midwives may lawfully have conscientious objections in two areas only. Firstly, Article 4(1) of the Abortion Act 1967 (Scotland, England and Wales). This provision allows nurses and midwives to refuse to participate in the process of treatment which results in the termination of a pregnancy because they have a conscientious objection, except where it is necessary to save the life or prevent grave permanent injury to the physical or mental health of a pregnant woman. Secondly, Article 38 of the Human and Fertilisation and Embryology Act (1990). This provision allows nurses and midwives the right to refuse to participate in technological procedures to achieve concep tion and pregnancy because they have a conscientious objection. This is a highly contentious and emotive issue, and one which attracts much ongoing debate and argument, and is significant as it can be asked at what point does a nurses own beliefs and values take precedence over their responsibility and duty to care for their patients needs, whatever they might be? Should nurses be permitted to refuse to participate in care procedures that contradict their values or beliefs, or to refuse to provide care to those they deem undeserving? Does this set a worrying precedent for other contentious procedures to be added to the list (gender reassignment surgery for example)? It could be argued that the nurses first responsibility should be their duty of care to their patient, and this surely requires them to take a holistic and person-centred view; a view that should not be clouded by the nurses own values system or moral standpoint. The aspects of person-centred care discussed so far in this essay have been those of a contentious and perhaps, more exceptional nature. However, the more routine, day-to-day aspects of nursing are also susceptible to the influence of nurses values, beliefs and attitudes negatively impacting on the quality of person-centred care provision. Giving patients a greater degree of autonomy over their care can lead to some discord as nurses may feel that their professional expertise is being disregarded, and may be concerned that patients informed opinions and decisions about their care may be detrimental to recovery or good health. This could lead to nurses adopting a didactic attitude in the belief that they know best, when the patient is equally certain that their decision is the right one for them. Nurses must always ensure that they are viewing the patient as a whole person, and not merely an illness or condition to be treated or managed, as this can lead to ambivalence as nurses attem pt to reconcile their desire to deliver effective, evidenced-based care, knowing that patients stated wishes or preferences are contrary to this aim. However, if the patient is deemed to have capacity to make informed decisions about their care and treatment, with all the facts at their disposal, nurses must accept this if good, person-centred care is to be delivered (NHS Choices 2014). In the event that the patient does not have the capacity to make informed decisions (e.g. patients suffering from more advanced forms of dementia), then any known pre-morbid preferences and choices should be documented and adhered to where this is practicable. There is always a danger that individuals with dementia receive care that is task-orientated rather than person-centred. Again, nurses may make assumptions regarding what is best for the patient, rather than respecting their choices and preferences. One of the easiest ways to ensure that care is person-centred is to gather collateral about each patient prior to care or treatment commencing, so a more rounded picture can be formed. This is particularly important when dealing with people from diverse cultural backgrounds, as lack of cultural understanding and tolerance can lead to damaging misconceptions, misunderstandings and unintentional offence, which will not engender good person-centred care. Having some knowledge of patients history and background prior to treatment can be a useful tool in terms of developing appropriate care. The flip-side to this however is that unhelpful stereotypes or prejudices may be formed by nursing staff, based on the current or historical background of the patient. Gender (including gender identify), race, age, religious affiliation, employment status, marital status, and educational and socio-economic background can lead to assumptions (both positive and negative) being formed by nursing staff. W hilst the majority of nurses will treat their patients with unconditional positive regard and courtesy, regardless of issues that may be at odds with their own beliefs, values and attitudes, there will always be a minority who will be affected by such issues, and who will allow it to influence the care they provide. The scale of this issue is difficult to quantify, due to a lack of available evidence-based research, but it could be said that one nurse whose attitude negatively impacts on person-centred care is one nurse too many. Conclusion We have explored some of the more contentious issues that can and do arise when nurses beliefs, values and attitudes do not correspond with those of their patients, and have examined the potential impact this can have on the quality of person-centred care provided. As little research has been carried out into this subject, it is not possible to quantify the scale of the problem, nor to accurately identify where it is most prevalent. However, it is safe to say that the dichotomy between delivering truly person-centred care, whilst reconciling challenges to the nurses own core beliefs and values is not one easily solved. Modern nurses are extensively trained and highly skilled professionals, with a wider remit and range of responsibilities than their predecessors. They are however fundamentally human, with the same character flaws and failings as anyone else. It is a completely human trait to be influenced by the information we perceive or receive about others, and everyone has innate beliefs and value systems and, whether we like it or not, innate prejudices. Although it would seem logical that professional nurses have a well-developed sense of understanding and equality, they also deal with a magnitude of very diverse people on a daily basis, generally having very limited time with each. Despite this, the majority of nurses deliver excellent, patient-focussed and person-centred care as a matter of course. Unfortunately there will always be a minority who do not. Nurse education programmes are constantly evolving to meet the shifting demands of health care, so it can only be hoped that recognising, challenging and improving unhelpful attitudes becomes an accepted part of nurse education, and becomes core to person-centred care provision. References/Bibliography: Baker J., Richards A. Campbell M. (2005). Nursing attitudes towards acute mental health care: development of a measurement tool. Journal of Advances Nursing. (49) (5) pp. 522-529. Brink E. Skott C. (2013). Caring about symptoms in person-centred care. Open Journal of Nursing (3) pp. 563-567. Chambers M., Guise V., Và ¤limà ¤ki M., Botelho M., Scott A., Staniulienà © V. Zanotti R. (2010). Nurses attitudes to mental illness: A comparison of a sample of nurses from five European countries. International Journal of Nursing Studies. (47) (3) pp. 350-362. Dorsen C. (2012). An integrative review of nurse attitudes towards lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender patients. The Canadian Journal of Nursing Research. (44) (3) pp. 8-43. Draper J. Tetley J. (2013). The importance of person-centred approaches to nursing care. The Open University. (Online). Available:  http://www.open.edu/openlearn/body-mind/health/nursing/the-Importance-person-centred-approaches-nursing-care. Last accessed 4 April 2015. Flagg A. (2015). The Role of Patient-Centered Care in Nursing. Nursing Clinics of North America. (50) (1) pp. 75-86. Hunter P., Hadjistavropoulos T., Smythe W., Malloy D., Kaasalainen S. Williams J. (2013). The Personhood in Dementia Questionnaire (PDQ): Establishing an association between beliefs about personhood and health providers approaches to person-centred care. Journal of Aging Studies. (27) (3) pp. 276-287. N.H.S. U.K. (2014). Consent to Treatment. N.H.S. Choices (Online). Available:  http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/consent-to-treatment/pages/introduction.aspx. Last accessed 5 Apr 2015 N.H.S. U.K. (2014). Assessing Capacity. N.H.S. Choices (Online). Available:  http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/consent-to-treatment/pages/capacity.aspx. Last accessed 5 Apr 2015. N.M.C. (2015). Conscientious objection by nurses and midwives. Nursing Midwifery Council (Online). Available:  http://www.nmc-uk.org/The-Code/Conscientious-objection-by-nurses-and-midwives-/. Last accessed 5 Apr 2015. Ouzouni C. Nakakis K. (2013). Nurses attitudes towards attempted suicide. Health Science Journal. (7) (1) pp. 120. Roberts G., Morley C., Walters W., Malta S. Doyle C. (2015). Caring for people with dementia in residential aged care: Successes with a composite person-centered care model featuring Montessori-based activities. Geriatric Nursing. (36) (2) pp.106-110. UK Government. (1967). Abortion Act 1967 (Scotland, England and Wales). The National Archives. (Online). Available:  http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1967/87. Last accessed 5 Apr 2015. UK Government. (1990). Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990. The National Archives. (Online). Available:  http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/37/section/38. Last accessed 5 Apr 2015. Wood L., Birtel M., Alsawy S., Pyle M. Morrison A. (2014). Public perceptions of stigma towards people with schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. Psychiatry Research. (220) (1-2), pp. 604-608. Yun-e L., Norman I. While A. (2012). Nurses attitudes towards older people: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies. (50) (9) pp.1271–1282.

What Affects the Rate of Reaction? :: Reaction Rates Energy Science Essays

What Affects the Rate of Reaction? Hypothesis To form a reaction the particles must collide in high speed. The faster the particles collide the more kinetic energy is produced. This produces a bigger reaction. There are five key variables that affect the rate of a reaction (in this case with a solid and a solution): * Change in temperature An increase in heat energy within the particles leads to more kinetic energy. Therefore there is more collision of particles and it increases the rate of the reaction. When we decrease the amount of heat energy, this will evidently slow down the reaction. For example we slow down the process of our food rotting by placing it in a fridge or a freezer. * Change in concentration The concentrations of acids are classed in molars, so 2m would quite a strong concentrated acid, 0.5m would be a very dilute weak acid and 1m would be in between the two. Also, the more concentrated the acid, the more particles it contains, so there is more of a chance for collisions. * Change of particle size Increasing the surface area of the particles would lead to more collision. We do this by making the particles smaller. For instance peeling a large potato would not take as long as peeling four small potatoes; this is because the smaller potatoes have a larger surface area for you to peel. * Pressure (for gases only) Increasing the pressure would bring particles closer together so there would be more of a chance for collision. * Catalyst A catalyst lowers the activation of energy required, consequently there being a faster reaction. The three variables we are choosing to show which effect the rate of reaction in our experiments are: * Particle size * Concentration * Temperature Pressure was inappropriate to use as a variable, because we were not using two gases and a catalyst was unsuitable to use for small tests like these. I think that the tests in changing the temperature will have the fastest times, as the hotter a solution is the more the particles will move and collide, thus the rate of carbon dioxide being produce will be faster. I also think that the large particles test will take the slowest amount of time because of the lack of surface area and the reverse will occur with the test with powered calcium carbonate. Plan We will be running a various number of experiments to prove what effects the rate of reaction with calcium carbonate (marble chips) and hydrochloric acid. The balanced equation for these reactants along with the products: Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water 2 2 3 2

Dynamics of high school teaching: Cooperative learning Essay

The general conduct of a teacher while in classroom is very important. Effective class room management is always core and it calls for fairness to all students, common sense, consistency and courage. Teachers need to understand both psychological and development needs of students. It is a common observation that students have little respect for female teachers. This is because they see them as weak unlike their male counterparts. The role of teacher is very important in classroom. The teachers act as role models in guiding students to achieve their life time goals. A major concern is teaching of manners and instilling discipline to students at young age. Discipline is important in any growing child as it helps to control his or her behavior. The principles of honest, responsibility, accountability and reliability are taught through discipline. Teachers have the responsibility of exercising democracy when dealing with students. This helps to help students participate fully in particular programs for better performance in academics. Discipline is a very important component in learning as it makes students feel happy, safe and responsible members of the society. Accordingly the role of a teacher in classroom promotes main phases of discipline such as prevention, motivation, intervention and management. Students feel motivated when their teachers show concern in them through proper management. The skills of teachers while in class empower them to legitimately promote good learning environment. The management role of teachers in classroom involves ensuring that each student follows what is taught in class. This is done through tests, homework and assignments which should be mandatory as part of the syllabus. Students with good discipline perform better and this is the main reason that makes teachers to be tougher while dealing with students. References: Sterling Anne, 1992, Myths of Gender: Biological Theories about Women and Men, Basic Books. Seidman Irving, 1999, The Essential Career Guide to Becoming a Middle and High School Teacher, Bergin & Garvey. Klausmeier Herbert, 1953, Principles and Practices of Secondary School Teaching, Harper.

Viagras Team of Inventors and History

According to the British Press, Peter Dunn and Albert Wood  are named as the inventors of the process by which Viagra was created. Their names appeared on an application by Pfizer to patent (WOWO9849166A1) the manufacturing process of  Sildenafil Citrate, better known as Viagra. Peter Dunn and Albert Wood are both employees of Pfizer Pharmaceuticals at the Pfizer run research laboratories in Kent and thus are not allowed to discuss their status or non-status as inventors. In a statement,  Albert Wood said: I cant say anything, youll have to talk to the press office... On the invention of Viagra, a  Pfizer Pharmaceuticals spokesperson said: Life might seem cruel, but they are paid to work for the company and the company owns their inventions. Literally, hundreds of people at Pfizer have been involved in developing the drug. You cant really point to two individuals and say they spawned Viagra. More of a Team Effort   Anyhow, to the best of our knowledge, this is how the story goes. In 1991, inventors Andrew Bell, Dr. David Brown and Dr. Nicholas Terrett discovered that chemical compounds belonging to the pyrazolopyrimidine class were useful in treating heart problems such as angina. Some experts consider Terrett as the father of Viagra as he was named in the 1991 British patent for Sildenafil (trade name Viagra) as a possible heart medicine. It was in 1994, though, that Terrett and his colleague Peter Ellis discovered during the trial studies of Sildenafil as a potential heart medication that it also increased blood flow to the penis, allowing men to reverse erectile dysfunctions. The drug acts by enhancing the smooth muscle relaxant effects of nitric oxide, a chemical that is normally released in response to sexual stimulation. The smooth muscle relaxation allows increased blood flow into the penis, leading to an erection when combined with something arousing. While Terrett is not allowed to discuss whether he considers himself the real inventor of Viagra as he is still a Pfizer employee, he did once state: There were three  patents  put forward for Viagra. Basically, me and my team discovered how useful the drug might be... they (Wood and Dunn) created a way of mass producing it only.   Pfizer claims that hundreds of inventors were involved with the creation of Viagra and that there was not enough room on the patent application to name them all. Thus, only the department heads were listed. Dr. Simon Campbell, who until recently was the Senior Vice President Of Medicinal Discovery at Pfizer and oversaw Viagras development, is considered by the American press to be the inventor of Viagra. However, Campbell would rather be remembered as the father of Amlodipine, a cardiovascular drug.   Steps In Making Viagra Dunn and Wood worked on the crucial nine-step process to synthesize a Sildenafil (Viagra) compound into a pill. It was approved by the FDA on March 27, 1998, as the first pill to treat impotence. Here is a quick summary of the steps: Methylation of 3-propyl pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester with hot dimethyl sulfateHydrolysis with aqueous NaOH to free acidNitration with oleum/fuming nitric acidCarboxamide formation with refluxing thionyl chloride/NH4OHReduction of nitro group to aminoAcylation with 2-methoxybenzoyl chlorideCyclizationSulfonation to the chlorosulfonyl derivativeCondensation with 1-methylpiperazine Empirical formula C22H30N6O4Smolecular weight 474.5solubility 3.5 mg/mL in water Viagra and  Lawsuits One billion dollars in sales were made in Viagras first year of production. But soon many lawsuits against Viagra and Pfizer were filed. This included a suit filed for $110 million dollars on behalf of Joseph Moran, a car dealer from New Jersey. He claimed that he crashed his car into two parked cars after Viagra caused him to see blue lightning coming from his fingertips, at which point he blacked out. Joseph Moran was driving his Ford Thunderbird home after a date at the time.